Describing, Diagnosing, & Treatment of Skin, Eye, & Ear Disorders


Describe dermatitis, diagnostic criteria, and treatment modalities
Describe the drug therapy for Conjunctivitis and Otitis Media 
Discuss Herpes Virus infections, patient presentation, and treatment
Describe the most common primary bacterial skin infections and the treatment of choice.

 

Sample Answer

 

 

 

 

 

Dermatitis: Diagnostic Criteria and Treatment Modalities

Dermatitis is a general term for skin inflammation. It presents in various forms, including Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema), Contact Dermatitis, and Seborrheic Dermatitis.

Diagnostic Criteria:

Clinical Presentation: Persistent pruritus (itching), erythema (redness), and eczematous lesions. Lesions often show age-specific distribution (e.g., extensor surfaces in infants, flexural folds in adults).

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Clinical Presentation: Persistent pruritus (itching), erythema (redness), and eczematous lesions. Lesions often show age-specific distribution (e.g., extensor surfaces in infants, flexural folds in adults).

Major/Minor Features: Diagnosis often relies on the Hanifin and Rajka criteria, requiring at least three major features (itching, typical morphology, chronic course, and family history of atopy like asthma or hay fever).

Testing: Patch testing is used for contact dermatitis to identify allergens; skin biopsies may be performed to rule out psoriasis or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Treatment Modalities:

Non-Pharmacological: Frequent moisturization (emollients), lukewarm baths, and trigger avoidance (fragrances, harsh soaps).

Pharmacological: * Topical Corticosteroids: First-line for inflammation.

Calcineurin Inhibitors: (e.g., Tacrolimus) used for sensitive areas (face, groin) to avoid steroid-induced skin thinning.