Does fracking harm the environment?

  Does fracking harm the environment? Introduction Fracking, short for hydraulic fracturing, is a controversial method of extracting natural gas and oil from deep underground. While it has contributed to an increase in domestic energy production and economic benefits, concerns have been raised about its potential harm to the environment. This essay will analyze both sides of the debate surrounding the environmental impacts of fracking. Thesis statement: By examining the pros and cons, it becomes evident that the environmental risks and negative consequences outweigh the economic benefits of fracking. Pro / “For” Side Advocates for fracking argue that it is essential for energy independence, job creation, and economic growth. They believe that the increased production of natural gas and oil through fracking reduces reliance on foreign energy sources and strengthens national security. Additionally, proponents contend that fracking creates employment opportunities in the energy sector and stimulates local economies. A major argument put forth by proponents is that fracking can lead to lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to other fossil fuels. They argue that natural gas, obtained through fracking, has a lower carbon footprint when used as a substitute for coal in electricity generation. This, they claim, can help mitigate climate change and transition to cleaner forms of energy. Supporting evidence: A study published in Environmental Science & Technology found that substituting natural gas for coal in electricity generation can result in significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions (Alvarez et al., 2018). Con / “Against” Side Critics of fracking raise significant concerns about its potential harm to the environment. They argue that the process involves the use of large amounts of water, chemicals, and sand, which can lead to contamination of groundwater and surface water sources. Additionally, they contend that fracking can cause seismic activity, including small earthquakes, due to the injection of fluids deep underground. Another major argument against fracking is its contribution to the release of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Critics claim that methane leakage during the extraction process and transportation of natural gas can offset any potential climate benefits. Moreover, they raise concerns about the impact of fracking on local ecosystems, including habitat disruption and harm to wildlife. Supporting evidence: A study published in Science Advances estimated that methane leakage from natural gas operations in the United States is 60% higher than previously reported by the Environmental Protection Agency (Brandt et al., 2014). Analysis & Conclusion In analyzing the arguments presented by both sides, it becomes evident that the environmental risks and negative consequences outweigh the economic benefits of fracking. While proponents argue for energy independence and job creation, the potential harm to water sources, contribution to methane emissions, and disruption of ecosystems cannot be ignored. The potential contamination of water sources poses a significant risk to human health and ecosystems. Additionally, the release of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, undermines any potential climate benefits associated with natural gas use. The long-term environmental consequences and potential harm outweigh the short-term economic gains. In the next assignment, I will defend the “Against” side in the position essay. The arguments against fracking are more convincing due to the environmental risks, potential harm to water sources, and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. In conclusion, while there may be economic benefits associated with fracking, the potential harm to the environment and public health outweigh these advantages. It is crucial to prioritize sustainable and cleaner forms of energy production that do not compromise our natural resources and contribute to climate change. Works Cited Alvarez, R. A., Pacala, S. W., Winebrake, J. J., Chameides, W. L., & Hamburg, S. P. (2018). Greater focus needed on methane leakage from natural gas infrastructure. Environmental Science & Technology, 52(18), 10743-10745. Brandt, A. R., Heath, G. A., Kort, E. A., O’Sullivan, F., Pétron, G., Jordaan, S. M., … & Tans, P. (2014). Methane leaks from North American natural gas systems. Science, 343(6172), 733-735.  

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