Dostoyevsky’s contribution to ideas on crime in his novel “Crime and Punishment”

  Dostoyevsky’s contribution to ideas on crime in his novel “Crime and Punishment” is significant and has had a lasting impact on the field of literature and the understanding of criminal psychology. Through his exploration of the internal world, or psyche, of the so-called criminal, Dostoyevsky delves deep into the complexities of human nature, providing insights into the motivations and psychological struggles that drive individuals to commit crimes. One of Dostoyevsky’s key contributions is his portrayal of the protagonist, Raskolnikov, who commits a premeditated murder. Dostoyevsky delves into Raskolnikov’s thought process and internal struggle, showcasing the complex interplay between guilt, rationalization, and a warped sense of morality. Raskolnikov believes that he is an extraordinary individual with the right to transgress moral boundaries for the greater good, which he refers to as the “extraordinary man theory.” This theory suggests that certain individuals, who possess exceptional intellect or talent, are entitled to disregard conventional morality in pursuit of their goals. However, as the story unfolds, Dostoyevsky delves into the psychological torment that Raskolnikov experiences as a result of his crime. He portrays Raskolnikov’s internal conflict between his desire for self-preservation and his overwhelming guilt. This internal struggle serves as a powerful exploration of the psychological consequences of committing a crime and the toll it takes on an individual’s conscience. Furthermore, Dostoyevsky also explores the impact of societal factors on criminal behavior. In “Crime and Punishment,” he depicts the poverty and social inequality prevalent in 19th-century Russia, which contribute to Raskolnikov’s desperation and feelings of alienation. Dostoyevsky suggests that societal conditions can push individuals to commit crimes as a means of survival or rebellion against an unjust system. This portrayal challenges simplistic notions of criminals as inherently evil or morally corrupt, emphasizing the role of external circumstances in shaping criminal behavior. Overall, Dostoyevsky’s contribution to ideas on crime in “Crime and Punishment” lies in his nuanced exploration of the internal world of criminals. By delving into the psyche of his characters and examining their motivations, struggles, and guilt, Dostoyevsky offers a complex and multi-dimensional understanding of criminal psychology. His portrayal challenges traditional notions of crime and punishment, highlighting the intricate interplay between individual psychology, societal factors, and moral dilemmas. As a result, his work continues to be influential in shaping our understanding of crime and the human condition.              

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