Problems associated with using a medical/biological model to understand the etiology of most psychological problems

Full Answer Section

• Neglecting Social Determinants of Health: The medical model often fails to adequately address the impact of social factors such as poverty, discrimination, and trauma on mental health.

A more comprehensive model, such as the biopsychosocial model, is considered more relevant. This model recognizes the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors in the development and manifestation of mental illness. It emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to assessment and treatment, considering the individual's unique experiences, social context, and cultural background.

The biopsychosocial model encourages a more nuanced understanding of mental illness, reducing stigma and promoting a more comprehensive and effective approach to treatment and prevention.

Sample Answer

The medical/biological model of mental illness posits that psychological disorders are primarily caused by biological factors such as genetic predispositions, neurotransmitter imbalances, or brain abnormalities. While this model has made significant contributions to our understanding of certain mental health conditions, it also presents several limitations:

• Oversimplification: It often oversimplifies complex mental health issues by reducing them to purely biological factors, neglecting the significant influence of psychological, social, and environmental factors.
• Stigma: Framing mental illness solely as a biological disease can contribute to stigma and the perception that individuals with mental health conditions are "broken" or "defective."
• Limited Treatment Options: Over-reliance on the medical model can lead to an overemphasis on medication as the primary treatment approach, neglecting the importance of psychotherapy and other psychosocial interventions.