Research Paper: Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategies Among University Students in Ghana

Research Paper: Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategies Among University Students in Ghana Abstract Cervical cancer is a significant public health concern globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Ghana. University students represent a crucial population for targeted cervical cancer prevention strategies due to their age group and potential risk factors. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer prevention among university students in Ghana. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of effective interventions to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in this population. Introduction Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide, with approximately 570,000 new cases and 311,000 deaths reported in 2018 (Bray et al., 2018). In Ghana, cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, with limited access to screening and preventive services contributing to its high mortality rate (GLOBOCAN, 2018). University students in Ghana represent a unique demographic group that is often overlooked in cervical cancer prevention efforts. This study aims to bridge this gap by assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer prevention among university students in Ghana. Literature Review Previous studies have highlighted the lack of awareness and knowledge about cervical cancer among young adults, including university students, in low- and middle-income countries (Adeoye et al., 2017; Eze et al., 2015). Furthermore, misconceptions about the causes and prevention of cervical cancer have been reported as barriers to seeking preventive services (Akinyemiju et al., 2012). Effective prevention strategies, such as vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) and regular screening programs, have been proven to reduce the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in high-income countries (World Health Organization, 2020). However, the implementation of these strategies in low-resource settings like Ghana remains a challenge. Methodology This cross-sectional study will be conducted among university students in Ghana using a structured questionnaire to assess their awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer prevention. A convenience sampling method will be employed to recruit participants from multiple universities in different regions of Ghana. Data analysis will include descriptive statistics and inferential tests to identify factors associated with poor knowledge and practices regarding cervical cancer prevention. Results The results of this study will provide valuable insights into the current status of cervical cancer prevention strategies among university students in Ghana. It is expected that a significant proportion of participants will demonstrate limited awareness and knowledge about cervical cancer and its preventive measures. By identifying gaps in knowledge and attitudes, this study aims to inform the development of targeted interventions to improve cervical cancer prevention practices among university students. Discussion The findings of this study will have implications for public health policy and practice in Ghana. By highlighting the need for increased awareness and education about cervical cancer among university students, policymakers can design interventions that address the specific needs of this population. Collaboration between universities, healthcare providers, and government agencies is essential to implement effective cervical cancer prevention strategies that can reduce the burden of this disease in Ghana. Conclusion In conclusion, cervical cancer remains a significant public health challenge in Ghana, particularly among women. University students represent a key population for targeted prevention efforts, given their age group and potential risk factors. This study aims to provide valuable insights into the current status of cervical cancer prevention strategies among university students in Ghana and inform the development of evidence-based interventions to reduce the burden of this disease. By raising awareness and improving knowledge about cervical cancer, we can empower young adults to take proactive steps towards prevention and early detection. References Adeoye, I. A., Nwosu, O. B., Oyerinde, O. O., & Sanni, T. A. (2017). Knowledge of Cervical Cancer and Attitude to Pap Smear Testing of Female Students in a Tertiary Institution. Journal of Cancer Education, 32(4), 901-907. Akinyemiju, T. F., McDonald, J. A., Lantz, P. M., & Harris-Williams, M. (2012). Awareness and knowledge of HPV, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccine among African American women: findings from a community-based participatory research study. Journal of Women's Health, 21(11), 1161-1168. Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R. L., Torre, L. A., & Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(6), 394-424. Eze, J. N., Umeora, O. U., Obuna, J. A., & Egwuatu, V. E. (2015). Cervical cancer awareness and uptake of Pap smear testing among female undergraduates in a Nigerian university. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 131(3), 291-294. World Health Organization. (2020). WHO Director-General calls for all countries to take action to help end the suffering caused by cervical cancer. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news/item/17-11-2020-who-director-general-calls-for-all-countries-to-take-action-to-help-end-the-suffering-caused-by-cervical-cancer

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