Sampling method

1. What sampling method or plan was used by the authors in this study?
   Simple random sampling
   Convenience sampling
   Cluster sampling
   Network sampling
2. According to Grove & Gray (2019), what are the potential biases of convenience sampling?
   This is a strong probability sampling method with very little potential for bias.
   This method is used when an ordered list of all members of the population are available, and provides a
   random but not equal chance for inclusion in the study.
   This method provides little opportunity to control for bias because subjects are included in the study
   merely because they happen to be in the right place at the right time.
   This method is specific to the individuals who were recruited and the information gained cannot be
   generalized to others who don't share these types of experiences.
3. What was the final sample size reported by the authors for this study?
   187
   160
   87
   57
   44
4. Was a power analysis conducted? If so, which statement best describes the results of the power
   analysis?
   A power analysis showed that the ideal sample size was 160
   A power analysis showed that the ideal sample size was 80
   A post hoc power analysis showed that the power achieved in the study was 0.99
   No power analysis was reported by the authors
5. Which of these statements would be considered to be specific inclusion criterion for the sample in
   the research article?
   Cervical dilation was between 4-8 centimeters
   Had a caesarean section
   Able to read and write English
   Between 20 and 40 years of age
6. Which of these statements would be considered to be exclusion criterion specifically identified by
   the author for the sample in the research article?
   Cervical dilation was between 4-8 centimeters
   Had a caesarean section
   Able to read and write English
   Between 20 and 40 years of age
7. What is the acceptance rate for this study? (Hint: see page 232 in your text)
   160/187
   87/187
   57/187

Cannot be calculated

8. Which of the following would be accurate for the attrition rate for this study?
   160/187
   87/187
   57/187
   28/187
9. What was the setting for this research study? Briefly describe the setting and indicate whether it was
   appropriate for conducting this study.
   The setting for this study was a partially controlled setting and was appropriate for this study's research
   design.
   The setting for this study was a natural or field setting and was appropriate for this study's research
   design.
   The setting for this study was a highly controlled setting and was appropriate for this study's research
   design.
   The setting for this study was not well described by the authors and therefore not appropriate for
   conducting this study.
10. Which ones of these questionnaires, scales, or physiologic measures are used in this research study?
    (Select all that apply.)
    Apgar score
    Childbirth Self Efficacy Scale
    Visual Analogue Pain score
    Oxygen saturation value
    Complications of Childbirth Survey score
11. What was the operational definition for the variable Satisfaction with the Baby?
    Apgar score
    A subscore of the Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating Scale
    Visual Analogue score
    Cannot be determined
12. What steps did the authors take to assure treatment fidelity?
    Participants were randomly assigned to treatment or control groups
    Participants and their spouses/partners were trained in labor dance during prenatal teaching
    All research personnel were trained in labor dance using training videos
    No steps were taken to assure treatment fidelity
13. What types of questionnaires or surveys were used in this research study?
    (Select all that apply.)
    The authors developed the Mackey Childbirth Rating Scale
    The authors developed their own questions to ask about demographic information.
    Interviews were reportedly used, but the authors do not explain what was included in them.
    The authors used previously developed questionnaires or surveys.
    This study did not use any questionnaires or surveys.
14. Were any physiological measurements collected from the subjects for the purpose of this study?

Yes
No

15. Which of the following best describes the data collection process used in this study?
    (Select all that apply.)
    Participants were contacted by phone by nurse researcher.
    Participants were given the questionnaires on enrollment in the study
    Questionnaires / surveys were mailed to the prospective returned in a self-addressed stamped envelope.
    Data was collected by the researcher during labor
    Participants were recruited from the pool of pregnant patients admitted to the hospital during a specific
    period
16. Based on the study's data collection methods, If there were more than one data collector, would an
    estimation of inter-rater reliability be an important concept for the authors to report on for this study?
    yes, and the authors reported their efforts to achieve inter-rater reliability.
    yes, but the authors do not discuss any efforts to achieve inter-rater reliability.
    no, the issue of inter-rater reliability does not apply here.
17. What descriptive statistics are used in this study?

Sample Solution