the symbiotic media relationship between social and traditional media in egyptian uprisings till 2015

    the symbiotic media relationship between social and traditional media in egyptian uprisings till 2015     1.       What impact has social media and its convergent relationship with television media had on the public sphere in Egypt’s post-authoritarian state? 2.       How does social capital in rural Egypt affect the political interaction of citizens in the public sphere? These are the two research questions that must be answered from methodology done that was stated in chapter 2. However chapter 3 is focusing only on research question number one while chapter 4 will reflect both research questions. Chapter 3 is based on the urban  areas only in Egypt which I focused mainly on cairo and suez only the reason I focused on these areas is because they are 100% urban cities and were  main areas during the uprisings. Also this chapter will clearly show the difference between urban areas in comparison to rural areas that will be in chapter 4 General parts that need to be reflected in the chapter - background information on cairo and its population- background information on suez and its population- the chapter needs to be written to show qualitative information not quantitative - public sphere environment post uprisings up until 2015 only  in cairo- public sphere environment post uprisings up until 2015 only in suez- relevance of convergent media environment in each city and the differences between each city and the media patterns it created in relation media literacy The following are the questions that were asked in the surveys and semi structured interviews : Semi-structured Interview QuestionsSocial media use and social capital1. How important social media was to you during and after the uprisings?2. How important was social media in encouraging you to participate in voting and joining political parties?  3. Were you affected by surrounding people’s opinion when it came to your voting or political support decision? 4. Could you describe other ways in which social media played part in the uprisings? 5. How accessible was social media in the area you were living in? 6. Was social media a new trend for the population and their habits of your governorate?SurveysSurvey Questions1. Please select your gendera) maleb) female2. Please select the range your age falls ina) Below 20 yearsb) 20-24 yearsc) 25-44 yearsd) 45-64 years e) 65 and above3. Please select the level of education you reacheda) primaryb) secondaryc) high schoold) university degree or abovee) learned reading and writing privatelyf) illiterate but someone filling in the answers for me 4. Please state the financial level you consider yourself froma) unstable incomeb) below working classc) working classd) middle classe) high class5. What would you consider as the average number of hours spent in a day watching television?a) Less than 1 hourb) 1 hourc) 2 hours d) 3 hourse) 4 hours and above6. What would you consider the average amount of hours spent in a day watching television for political information or news only?a) noneb) less than 1 hourc) 1 hourd) 2-3 hourse) more than 3 hours7. Generally, when you watch television what do you like to watch?a) Watching news mainlyb) Watching entertainment programs mainlyc) Watching both the news and entertainment equally8. Would you like to watch more television then the amount of time you spend watching television now?a) yes but I have to studyb) yes but I have long working hoursc) No I prefer using social media and Internetd) No I am not interested in watching television more then what I already do9. What period of the day do you mostly watch television?a) Morningb) Afternoonc) Eveningd) All day10. How frequently do you watch the news or other political programmes?a) Every dayb) Over 3 days a week c) 2-3 days a weekd) At least once a weeke) Rarely11. Which of these statements correctly describes for you television as a means of accessing news during the uprisings of 2011 and 2013?a) Television was my primary channelb) Television complemented news from other sources c) I mostly relied on other forms of media for newsd) I had no access to television.12. How would you rate the credibility of the news during the 2011 and 2013 uprisings?a) Yes, television news was credibleb) No, television news lacked credibilityc) Only news from certain television stations was credible (list top 3)13. Which of the following television media channels do you think accurately presented the state of Egypt in the years 2011-2013?a) State-owned televisionb) Privately-owned Televisionc) International news channels 14. Did watching television during the uprisings motivate you to join political parties? a) watching television had nothing to do with affecting my decision to join political parties or notb) it partially motivated mec) it solely motivated med) it discouraged me  15. Did watching television during the uprisings motivate you to start participating in voting in elections?a) watching television had nothing to do with affecting my decision to vote or not b) it partially motivated mec) it solely motivated med) it discouraged me  16. How frequent did you vote prior to the uprisings?a) Every electionb) Never c) Every other electiond) only parliamentary electionse) only presidential elections  17. How frequent did you vote after the uprisings?a) every election b) neverc) every other electiond) only parliamentary electionse) only presidential elections 18. Did you use social media for being updated about news about the political events as much as television?a) used both equallyb) relied on television morec) relied on social media mored) relied on one of the other based on the incident or event I want to be updated aboute) did not rely on both19. Did watching news about the uprisings encourage you to engage more frequently in discussing political matters with people surrounding you?a) it did not encourage meb) it discouraged me c) it motivated me to discuss political matters to a great extentd) it motivated me to discuss political matters to some extent The target was 6 semi structured interviews in each city and 175 surveys per city 6 interviews were achieved in each city however surveys were different I got 191 replies from surveys in Cairo and 112 only in Suezgeneral comments suez population was very concerned about not knowing me as a researcher and had fear that I am doing my researcher for the government’s insight which was not comforting for them with the exception of people that were friends or family of people I know which were the one’s I was able to interview which is very relevant to the nature of the information and its relevance for this project analysismiddle class with university degree were the majority of respondents in surveys and generally there was equality of importance of use of social media even for people who did not have reach to social media via computers had it via mobile phones and television use yet it was not the reason they participated in elections if they did but it was very important in creating a new venue of information and circulation with television that made information more accessible even if it is not direct usage or the main unique point was that this accessibility of information loosened the environment and reflected back on the public sphere as a whole in the society not as an online separate public sphere - suez population was more affected by people around them because they are a smaller population to cairo so people with an impact on the opinion of the population reach the majority of the population more easily - social media was less important to the population of suez than cairoinstantly after the uprisings but then they picked up however they had the accessibility to it being a fully urban area if not by normal internet connection th