Financial and investment decisions that add value to the organization

Scenario
The CFO of your company has asked for your support in preparing a report for the business’s board of directors. Many of the board members are new, and some of them have little background in finance. With this in mind, you will need to write a report that all board members can easily understand.

Directions
Specifically, you must address the following rubric criteria:

Financial Analysis: In prior assignments, you calculated some of the financial formulas using quarterly financial statements from your chosen business and the Final Project Financial Formulas worksheet. For the financial analysis, edit prior work based on feedback and include it in this final project.
Financial Calculations: Accurately calculate financial formulas to figure out the business’s current financial health. You must calculate the following:
Working capital
Current ratio
Debt ratio
Earnings per share
Price and earnings ratio
Total asset turnover ratio
Financial leverage
Net profit margin
Return on assets
Return on equity
Working Capital Management: Explain the impact of working capital management on a typical business’s operations. Provide examples to support your claims.
Why is it important for a business in general to carefully manage its working capital?
Financing: Explain the options available for a company in general to finance its operations and expansion.
Short-Term Financing: Explain how potential short-term financing sources could help any business raise funds for improving its financial health.
Bond Investment: Discuss the risks and benefits of any business investing in a corporate bond. Include the necessary ethical factors, appropriate calculations, and examples to support your analysis.
Capital Equipment: Discuss the risks and benefits of any business investing in capital equipment. Include the necessary ethical factors, appropriate calculations, and examples to support your analysis.
Building: Discuss the risks and benefits of any business investing in a building, including leasing substantive physical assets like buildings. Include the necessary ethical factors, appropriate calculations, and examples to support your analysis.
Financial Evaluation: In this step, you will use the knowledge you’ve accumulated thus far and make decisions on whether any or all of the following are appropriate directions for your chosen company. Assume that the situations located in the Final Project Financial Assumptions document are true of your chosen company. For each of the options below, include the necessary ethical factors, appropriate calculations, and examples from previous milestones to support your analysis. Based on your company’s financial health, you should consider:
Bond Investment: Determine if the bond investment is a good financing option for your chosen business’s financial health. Use your financial analysis and other financial information to support your claims.
Capital Equipment: Determine if the capital equipment investment is a good financing option for your chosen business’s financial health. Use your financial analysis and other financial information to support your claims.
Building: Determine if the building investment is a good financing option for your chosen business’s financial health. Use your financial analysis and other financial information to support your claims.
Future Financial Considerations: Describe your chosen business’s likely future financial performance. Base your description on the business’s current financial well-being and risk levels. This time, do not consider the assumptions in the Final Project Financial Assumptions document. Use your chosen company’s most current financial information to support your claims.

Full Answer Section

              Here is a breakdown of how the key financial metrics were calculated for Q2 2024, using hypothetical figures for Starlight Innovations Inc. This shows our company's financial health at a glance.
  • Working Capital: The amount of money we have available to cover day-to-day expenses. A higher number indicates we have enough cash to operate smoothly.
    • Formula: Current Assets - Current Liabilities
    • Calculation: $2,750,000 - $1,100,000 = $1,650,000
  • Current Ratio: This tells us if we can pay our short-term bills with our short-term assets. A ratio above 1.0 is generally good.
    • Formula: Current Assets / Current Liabilities
    • Calculation: $2,750,000 / $1,018,500 = 2.7
  • Debt Ratio: This shows the proportion of our assets financed by debt. A lower number indicates less risk.
    • Formula: Total Liabilities / Total Assets
    • Calculation: $4,500,000 / $12,000,000 = 0.38
  • Earnings Per Share (EPS): The portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock. It indicates a company's profitability.
    • Formula: Net Income / Number of Shares Outstanding
    • Calculation: $540,000 / 240,000 = $2.25
  • Price and Earnings (P/E) Ratio: This ratio compares the company’s share price to its earnings per share, helping investors determine the value of a company.
    • Formula: Market Price per Share / Earnings Per Share
    • Calculation: $32.63 / $2.25 = 14.5
  • Total Asset Turnover Ratio: This measures how efficiently we are using our assets to generate sales. A higher number is better.
    • Formula: Net Sales / Average Total Assets
    •  

Sample Answer

       

Starlight Innovations Inc. Financial Report 📊

   

Financial Analysis

  To understand our company's financial health, we'll look at key numbers from the past two quarters. These calculations provide a snapshot of our liquidity (our ability to pay short-term debts), profitability, and efficiency. Below are the core financial metrics for the last two quarters to help us see our performance and trends.
Metric Q1 2024 Q2 2024
Working Capital $1,500,000 $1,650,000
Current Ratio 2.5 2.7
Debt Ratio 0.40 0.38
Earnings Per Share $2.00 $2.25
Price and Earnings Ratio 15.0 14.5
Total Asset Turnover Ratio 1.2 1.3
Financial Leverage 1.67 1.61
Net Profit Margin 10% 11%
Return on Assets 12% 14%
Return on Equity 20% 22%