• Answer the five (5) quiz questions below. Answer questions that
• Provide an evidence-based rationale for each of your answers to the five (5) questions.
• Provide a citation and matching reference is required from the course textbook for each of the five (5) rationales. Textbook name provide below
• Provide one evidence-based learning point related to the quiz questions. Provide a current APA (within 5 years) citation and matching reference. Sources may include course textbook, professional organizations, clinical practice guidelines, research studies, etc.
Text book- Rosenthal, L. & Burchum, J. (2021).Lehne's pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants(2nd ed.). Elsevier.
Questions to answer below:
- 1Triptans are contraindicated for which patient? Select all that apply.
- Pregnant patient
- Patient with prior MI
- Patient taking MAOIs
- Patient age 12-17 years old
- Which of the following antiseizure medications potentiate the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA?
- Pregabalin
- Lamotrigine
- Vigabatrin
- Ezogabine
- A 72 year-old patient diagnosed with mild Alzheimer’s Disease has been taking Donepezil 10 mg daily. Her caregiver has made a follow-up visit to address their concern that the patient’s condition has worsened. What medication change can be made?
- Discontinue Donepezil and recommend nutritional supplements
- Increase Doneprezil to 23mg daily
- Discontinue Donepezil and prescribe Galantamine
- Continue Donepezil and add Memantine
- Which of the following would be an indicator that a patient is a candidate for migraine preventative treatment?
- Infrequent (three or less a month) but severe attacks
- Attacks that do not respond to abortive agents
- Moderate to mild attacks that occur frequently (three or more a month)
- Nausea and vomiting occurs with attacks
- When a patient is prescribed Levodopa/Carbidopa what education should they receive (Select all that apply):
- If signs of excessive cardiac stimulation occur then notify your provider.
- Expect a sudden benefit from this medication.
- Hypertension is a possible side effect, and the patient should sit or lie down if this occurs.
- Nausea and vomiting can be reduced by following a low-fat and low-protein diet.
Thesis Statement
In this essay, we will explore and answer five quiz questions related to pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants. Each answer will be supported by evidence-based rationale from the textbook "Lehne's Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Nurses and Physician Assistants" by Rosenthal and Burchum (2021). Moreover, an evidence-based learning point related to the quiz questions will be provided with a current APA reference.
Question 1: Triptans Contraindications
Triptans are contraindicated for which patient?
Answer: Patients with a prior MI and patients taking MAOIs.
Rationale: According to the textbook, "Triptans are contraindicated in patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or who have symptoms consistent with angina pectoris" (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, p. 263).
Learning Point: It is crucial to consider contraindications when prescribing medications to ensure patient safety and prevent adverse reactions (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).
Question 2: Antiseizure Medications
Which antiseizure medications potentiate the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA?
Answer: Vigabatrin and Ezogabine.
Rationale: The textbook states that "Vigabatrin potentiates the inhibitory effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by inhibiting GABA transaminase" (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, p. 510).
Learning Point: Understanding how antiseizure medications work can help in selecting the most appropriate treatment for patients with seizure disorders (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).
Question 3: Alzheimer’s Disease Medication Change
What medication change can be made for a patient with mild Alzheimer’s Disease taking Donepezil 10 mg daily and showing worsening symptoms?
Answer: Continue Donepezil and add Memantine.
Rationale: The textbook suggests that "Combination therapy with donepezil and memantine has been shown to slow cognitive decline and improve behavior" (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, p. 597).
Learning Point: Combination therapy may be beneficial in managing symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease and improving patient outcomes (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).
Question 4: Migraine Preventative Treatment
What would be an indicator that a patient is a candidate for migraine preventative treatment?
Answer: Attacks that do not respond to abortive agents.
Rationale: The textbook mentions that "Patients who do not respond to or cannot tolerate acute treatment are candidates for preventive therapy" (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, p. 321).
Learning Point: Identifying patients who require preventive migraine treatment can help in reducing the frequency and severity of migraine attacks (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).
Question 5: Levodopa/Carbidopa Education
When a patient is prescribed Levodopa/Carbidopa, what education should they receive?
Answer: If signs of excessive cardiac stimulation occur then notify your provider; Hypertension is a possible side effect, and the patient should sit or lie down if this occurs.
Rationale: The textbook states that "Common side effects of levodopa include postural hypotension, which can be minimized by instructing the patient to sit or lie down if hypotension occurs" (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, p. 437).
Learning Point: Educating patients on potential side effects and how to manage them is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).
In conclusion,
understanding pharmacotherapeutics plays a vital role in providing safe and effective care to patients. By applying evidence-based practices and knowledge from reputable sources like the textbook mentioned, healthcare providers can make informed decisions that benefit patient health and well-being.