Should genetic engineering be performed on human embryos?

  Should genetic engineering be performed on human embryos? Introduction Imagine a world where we have the ability to manipulate the genetic makeup of human embryos. This concept, known as genetic engineering, has sparked intense debates and ethical considerations. The potential to edit genes and create “designer babies” raises questions about the limits of science and the moral implications of altering the course of human evolution. This essay will analyze both sides of the debate regarding whether genetic engineering should be performed on human embryos. Thesis statement: By examining the pros and cons, it becomes evident that the ethical concerns and potential risks outweigh the perceived benefits of genetic engineering on human embryos. Pro / “For” Side Advocates for genetic engineering on human embryos argue that it holds immense potential for eradicating genetic diseases and improving overall human health. They believe that by editing genes, we can eliminate hereditary conditions that cause suffering and improve the quality of life for future generations. Additionally, proponents argue that genetic engineering can enhance desirable traits, such as intelligence or athleticism, leading to advancements in society and human potential. A major argument put forth by proponents is the idea that genetic engineering can promote reproductive autonomy. They argue that parents should have the right to make informed choices regarding their children’s genetic makeup, just as they have the freedom to make other medical decisions. Furthermore, they contend that by allowing genetic engineering, we can reduce the burden on healthcare systems by preventing or mitigating genetic diseases. Supporting evidence: In a study published in Nature, researchers successfully corrected a disease-causing gene mutation in human embryos using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology (Ma et al., 2017). Con / “Against” Side Critics of genetic engineering on human embryos raise significant ethical concerns. They argue that manipulating the genetic material of embryos crosses a line, as it involves making irreversible changes that will affect future generations. They believe that altering the genetic code goes against the principles of nature and undermines the value of human life in its natural form. Another major argument against genetic engineering on human embryos is the potential for unintended consequences. Critics contend that our understanding of genetics is still limited, and meddling with embryos could lead to unforeseen health risks or unintended changes in the gene pool. Additionally, they raise concerns about the potential for eugenic practices and a “slippery slope” towards creating a genetically enhanced elite. Supporting evidence: The Nuffield Council on Bioethics, a UK-based independent organization, released a report highlighting ethical concerns surrounding genetic editing in human embryos (Nuffield Council on Bioethics, 2018). Analysis & Conclusion In analyzing the arguments presented by both sides, it becomes evident that the ethical concerns and potential risks outweigh the perceived benefits of genetic engineering on human embryos. While proponents argue for the potential to eliminate genetic diseases and enhance desirable traits, the irreversible nature of altering human genetic material and the potential for unintended consequences cannot be ignored. The ethical considerations surrounding genetic engineering are complex and involve questions about our role in shaping future generations. The potential for eugenic practices and unintended health consequences raises significant red flags. Additionally, altering the natural course of evolution raises philosophical questions about what it means to be human. In the next assignment, I will defend the “Against” side in the position essay. The arguments against genetic engineering on human embryos are more convincing due to the ethical concerns, potential risks, and uncertainties associated with manipulating the genetic makeup of future generations. In conclusion, while there may be potential benefits in eradicating genetic diseases, the ethical considerations and potential risks outweigh the perceived advantages of genetic engineering on human embryos. It is crucial to approach these advancements with caution and prioritize the preservation of human dignity and natural diversity. Works Cited Ma, H., Marti-Gutierrez, N., Park, S. W., Wu, J., Lee, Y., Suzuki, K., … & Tippner-Hedges, R. (2017). Correction of a pathogenic gene mutation in human embryos. Nature, 548(7668), 413-419. Nuffield Council on Bioethics. (2018). Genome editing and human reproduction: social and ethical issues. Retrieved from https://www.nuffieldbioethics.org/assets/pdfs/Genome-editing-and-human-reproduction-FINAL.pdf        

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